2017年高一英语人教版必修3课后训练：Unit4SectionⅢWord版含解析.doc
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2017年高一英语人教版必修3课后训练：Unit4SectionⅢWord版含解析.doc
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
Section Ⅲ—Using Language，Summing Up & Learning Tip
练习
一、单项填空
1．He ______ at once when I promised to help him.
A．cheered up B．gave up
C．broke up D．turned up
2．It was during the election period that a big fire ______.
A．broke into B．broke down
C．broke up D．broke out
3．______I'm well again ，I can go on with my work.
A．Even if B．As though
C．Even after D．Now that
4．______！There is danger ahead.
A．Watch out B．Take care of
C．Cheer up D．Notice
5．The doctor had almost lost hope at one point，but the patient finally ______.
A．pulled through B．pulled over
C．pulled in D．pulled down
二、单句改错
1．What we should watch out is the terrible animal.
________________________________________________________________________
2．The fire was broke out last Sunday.
________________________________________________________________________
3．Now that you want to learn English well，so you should work hard.
________________________________________________________________________
4．The boy knows how to cheer him up when he is sad.
________________________________________________________________________
5．Do you know why the spaceship doesn't fall back the earth?
________________________________________________________________________
三、完成句子，词数不限
1．他迅速拉了一下绳子。
He gave ____________ on the rope.
2．为了使她高兴，我带她去看电影。
I took her to the cinema to ____________.
3．既然你已完成了工作，就应该好好休息一下。
You should have a good rest ____________ you've finished the work.
4．你能告诉我第一次世界大战发生在什么时候吗？
Can you tell me when the First World War__________________？
5．我想你应该提防那个人。
I think you should ____________ that man.
四、阅读理解
None of our early ancestors could digest milk as adults because their bodies never had to — milk drinking simply wasn't an option.As people began to extract milk from animals，though，some people developed the ability to keep drinking it throughout their lives.
Scientists now know of a milkrelated mutation(变异) in our genes — the chemical instructions for life that we carry in almost every cell in our bodies.People who have a mutated form of one particular gene can drink milk just fine.People without the mutation tend to get sick from milk.
To figure out where，and possibly why，milk drinking started，some scientists have been looking at who has the milkdigesting mutation today.Patterns are striking.
Most adults in Northern and Central Europe are able to digest milk — and they do.Cheese and butter and other dairy products are popular in countries such as Sweden，Denmark，Germany and England.Because European settlers dominated North America，most people here can handle milk just fine，as well.That may explain why ice cream is such a popular dessert in the United States.
In much of Africa，Asia and South America，on the other hand，people tend to avoid dairy products because they lead to diarrhea(腹泻) and other stomach problems.That's why you won't typically find cheese on the menu at a Chinese，Japanese or Ethiopian restaurant.Native Americans are also unable to digest milk.
Because of these genetic patterns，scientists have long thought that milk drinking started in Northern Europe，where dairy is an institution and the milkdigesting mutation is everywhere.
A recent study painted a different picture.With a computer model，Thomas and his colleagues looked at the spread of the milkdrinking mutation，farming and other related factors.Working backward，the scientists concluded that the first milkdrinkers lived in Central Europe around what's now Hungary about 7,500 years ago.The practice didn't start farther north，as scientists had thought before.
1．Which of the following is the proper order of events according to the passage?
a．Their children were able to digest milk as adults.
b．They got sick from milk.
c．Some people got a mutation in their genes.
d．Some people tried drinking milk from animals.
e．Some people started to drink milk from animals on a regular basis.
A．c→d→b→e→a B．d→e→b→c→a
C．d→b→e→c→a D．e→d→b→c→a
2．Most people in the USA can digest milk because ______.
A．they have strong stomachs
B．their ancestors were Europeans
C．that's where milk drinking started
D．farmers raise a lot of cows there
3．Which of the following is the author most likely to agree with?
A．Milk drinking first started in Northern Europe.
B．Milk drinking first started in Central Europe.
C．North American Indians were able to digest milk.
D．Dairy products are very popular in North Korea.
4．The main focus of the scientists' research was ______.
A．mutation of human genes
B．development of the human stomach
C．why milk drinking started
D．where milk drinking first started
五、书面表达
请根据下面的表格内容写一篇关于中国实现太空梦的短文。
INCLUDEPICTURE "L:\\20120810英语 可能未做\\102高中英语人教新课标\\103必修III\\Q19.EPS" \* MERGEFORMAT
时间进展情况长期以来中国人梦想进入太空1999年至2002年成功地发射了三艘无人飞船2002年12月31日至2003年1月5日“神舟四号”发射升空，并成功地返回地面，完成了七项科学实验，为下一步载人飞船的发射作准备
“神舟四号”的成功发射和返回，表明中国有能力把人送入太空2003年中国第一艘载人飞船进入太空2008年中国人实现了太空行走的夙愿2011年“天宫一号”(Tiangong Ⅰ)有望发射，中国人将拥有首个太空站。注意：1.词数：120左右
2．参考词汇：无人驾驶的 unmanned；载人的 manned；飞船spacecraft(单复同)；发射launch(vt./n.)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、
1. A cheer up“感到高兴，感到振奋”；give up“放弃”；break up“解散，结束”；turn up“出现”。由when I promised to help him 可知此处用cheered up表示“他立刻感到振奋”。
2. D break into“闯入”；break down“分解，崩溃，失败”；break up“解散，结束”；break out“(战争/火灾)爆发”。句意：大火是在选举期间发生的。
3. D even if的含义是“即使”；as though ＝as if，其含义是“好像”；even after的含义是“即使在……之后”；now that的含义是“既然”。由下文的“我能够继续我的工作”可知，此处应用Now that来表示“既然我的身体恢复健康了”。
4. A watch out 表示“当心”；take care of表示“关心，照料”，而take care 才是“当心”的意思；cheer up 表示“感到高兴，感到振奋”；notice表示“注意到”，需接宾语。此处应用Watch out 表示“当心！前面有危险”。
5. A pull through“渡过难关，(使)恢复健康”。
二、 1. 在out后加for 2. 去掉was 3. 去掉so 4. him→himself 5. back后加to
三、 1. a quick pull 2. cheer her up 3. now that 4. broke out 5. watch out for
四、
1.C 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知d排第一，排除A、D两项；由第二段最后两句可判断d、b应该是紧挨着的，排除B项，再结合常识可知C项切题。
2．B 细节推理题。由第四段“Most adults in Northern and Central Europe are able to digest milk — and they do...Because European settlers dominated North America，most people here can handle milk just fine，as well.”和最后一段中的“Working backward，the scientists concluded that the first milkdrinkers lived in Central Europe around what's now Hungary about 7,500 years ago.”可推知B项正确。
3．B 细节判断题。由最后一段中的“Working backward，the scientists concluded that the first milkdrinkers lived in Central Europe around what's now Hungary about 7,500 years ago.”可知A错误，B项正确。由“Native Americans are also unable to digest milk.”可知C项错误。由“In much of Africa，Asia and South America，on the other hand，people tend to avoid dairy products because they lead to diarrhea and other stomach problems.” 可知D项错误。
4．D 主旨大意题。综观全文可知，A项范围太广，B项偏题，C项只是文章的一个细节，故选D项。
五、
【写作指导】
※主题：the dream of space
※必备词汇：dream of，unmanned spacecraft，success，scientific，experiments，carry out，make preparations for，be sent into space
※必备句型：The Chinese people have been dreaming of...
The purpose of the flight is to...
It was in 2008 that the Chinese dream of walking in space came true.
参考范文：
The Chinese people have been dreaming of going into (outer)space for a long time.From 1999 to 2002 China launched three unmanned spacecraft successfully.On Dec.31,2002，the launch of the spacecraft “Shenzhou Ⅳ” was another big success and the spacecraft returned to the earth safely on January 5th,2003.During its flight，seven scientific experiments were carried out.The purpose of the flight is to make preparations for the launch of a manned spacecraft next time.The successful launch and return shows that China is able to send a person into space soon.In 2003，Shenzhou Ⅴ，the first manned spacecraft，was successfully sent into space.It was in 2008 that the Chinese dream of walking in space came true.Besides，Tiangong Ⅰ is expected to be sent into space in 2011，which will be the first Chinese space station.
How proud we Chinese are!
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
Section Ⅲ—Using Language，Summing Up & Learning Tip
练习
一、单项填空
1．He ______ at once when I promised to help him.
A．cheered up B．gave up
C．broke up D．turned up
2．It was during the election period that a big fire ______.
A．broke into B．broke down
C．broke up D．broke out
3．______I'm well again ，I can go on with my work.
A．Even if B．As though
C．Even after D．Now that
4．______！There is danger ahead.
A．Watch out B．Take care of
C．Cheer up D．Notice
5．The doctor had almost lost hope at one point，but the patient finally ______.
A．pulled through B．pulled over
C．pulled in D．pulled down
二、单句改错
1．What we should watch out is the terrible animal.
________________________________________________________________________
2．The fire was broke out last Sunday.
________________________________________________________________________
3．Now that you want to learn English well，so you should work hard.
________________________________________________________________________
4．The boy knows how to cheer him up when he is sad.
________________________________________________________________________
5．Do you know why the spaceship doesn't fall back the earth?
________________________________________________________________________
三、完成句子，词数不限
1．他迅速拉了一下绳子。
He gave ____________ on the rope.
2．为了使她高兴，我带她去看电影。
I took her to the cinema to ____________.
3．既然你已完成了工作，就应该好好休息一下。
You should have a good rest ____________ you've finished the work.
4．你能告诉我第一次世界大战发生在什么时候吗？
Can you tell me when the First World War__________________？
5．我想你应该提防那个人。
I think you should ____________ that man.
四、阅读理解
None of our early ancestors could digest milk as adults because their bodies never had to — milk drinking simply wasn't an option.As people began to extract milk from animals，though，some people developed the ability to keep drinking it throughout their lives.
Scientists now know of a milkrelated mutation(变异) in our genes — the chemical instructions for life that we carry in almost every cell in our bodies.People who have a mutated form of one particular gene can drink milk just fine.People without the mutation tend to get sick from milk.
To figure out where，and possibly why，milk drinking started，some scientists have been looking at who has the milkdigesting mutation today.Patterns are striking.
Most adults in Northern and Central Europe are able to digest milk — and they do.Cheese and butter and other dairy products are popular in countries such as Sweden，Denmark，Germany and England.Because European settlers dominated North America，most people here can handle milk just fine，as well.That may explain why ice cream is such a popular dessert in the United States.
In much of Africa，Asia and South America，on the other hand，people tend to avoid dairy products because they lead to diarrhea(腹泻) and other stomach problems.That's why you won't typically find cheese on the menu at a Chinese，Japanese or Ethiopian restaurant.Native Americans are also unable to digest milk.
Because of these genetic patterns，scientists have long thought that milk drinking started in Northern Europe，where dairy is an institution and the milkdigesting mutation is everywhere.
A recent study painted a different picture.With a computer model，Thomas and his colleagues looked at the spread of the milkdrinking mutation，farming and other related factors.Working backward，the scientists concluded that the first milkdrinkers lived in Central Europe around what's now Hungary about 7,500 years ago.The practice didn't start farther north，as scientists had thought before.
1．Which of the following is the proper order of events according to the passage?
a．Their children were able to digest milk as adults.
b．They got sick from milk.
c．Some people got a mutation in their genes.
d．Some people tried drinking milk from animals.
e．Some people started to drink milk from animals on a regular basis.
A．c→d→b→e→a B．d→e→b→c→a
C．d→b→e→c→a D．e→d→b→c→a
2．Most people in the USA can digest milk because ______.
A．they have strong stomachs
B．their ancestors were Europeans
C．that's where milk drinking started
D．farmers raise a lot of cows there
3．Which of the following is the author most likely to agree with?
A．Milk drinking first started in Northern Europe.
B．Milk drinking first started in Central Europe.
C．North American Indians were able to digest milk.
D．Dairy products are very popular in North Korea.
4．The main focus of the scientists' research was ______.
A．mutation of human genes
B．development of the human stomach
C．why milk drinking started
D．where milk drinking first started
五、书面表达
请根据下面的表格内容写一篇关于中国实现太空梦的短文。
INCLUDEPICTURE "L:\\20120810英语 可能未做\\102高中英语人教新课标\\103必修III\\Q19.EPS" \* MERGEFORMAT
时间进展情况长期以来中国人梦想进入太空1999年至2002年成功地发射了三艘无人飞船2002年12月31日至2003年1月5日“神舟四号”发射升空，并成功地返回地面，完成了七项科学实验，为下一步载人飞船的发射作准备
“神舟四号”的成功发射和返回，表明中国有能力把人送入太空2003年中国第一艘载人飞船进入太空2008年中国人实现了太空行走的夙愿2011年“天宫一号”(Tiangong Ⅰ)有望发射，中国人将拥有首个太空站。注意：1.词数：120左右
2．参考词汇：无人驾驶的 unmanned；载人的 manned；飞船spacecraft(单复同)；发射launch(vt./n.)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、
1. A cheer up“感到高兴，感到振奋”；give up“放弃”；break up“解散，结束”；turn up“出现”。由when I promised to help him 可知此处用cheered up表示“他立刻感到振奋”。
2. D break into“闯入”；break down“分解，崩溃，失败”；break up“解散，结束”；break out“(战争/火灾)爆发”。句意：大火是在选举期间发生的。
3. D even if的含义是“即使”；as though ＝as if，其含义是“好像”；even after的含义是“即使在……之后”；now that的含义是“既然”。由下文的“我能够继续我的工作”可知，此处应用Now that来表示“既然我的身体恢复健康了”。
4. A watch out 表示“当心”；take care of表示“关心，照料”，而take care 才是“当心”的意思；cheer up 表示“感到高兴，感到振奋”；notice表示“注意到”，需接宾语。此处应用Watch out 表示“当心！前面有危险”。
5. A pull through“渡过难关，(使)恢复健康”。
二、 1. 在out后加for 2. 去掉was 3. 去掉so 4. him→himself 5. back后加to
三、 1. a quick pull 2. cheer her up 3. now that 4. broke out 5. watch out for
四、
1.C 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知d排第一，排除A、D两项；由第二段最后两句可判断d、b应该是紧挨着的，排除B项，再结合常识可知C项切题。
2．B 细节推理题。由第四段“Most adults in Northern and Central Europe are able to digest milk — and they do...Because European settlers dominated North America，most people here can handle milk just fine，as well.”和最后一段中的“Working backward，the scientists concluded that the first milkdrinkers lived in Central Europe around what's now Hungary about 7,500 years ago.”可推知B项正确。
3．B 细节判断题。由最后一段中的“Working backward，the scientists concluded that the first milkdrinkers lived in Central Europe around what's now Hungary about 7,500 years ago.”可知A错误，B项正确。由“Native Americans are also unable to digest milk.”可知C项错误。由“In much of Africa，Asia and South America，on the other hand，people tend to avoid dairy products because they lead to diarrhea and other stomach problems.” 可知D项错误。
4．D 主旨大意题。综观全文可知，A项范围太广，B项偏题，C项只是文章的一个细节，故选D项。
五、
【写作指导】
※主题：the dream of space
※必备词汇：dream of，unmanned spacecraft，success，scientific，experiments，carry out，make preparations for，be sent into space
※必备句型：The Chinese people have been dreaming of...
The purpose of the flight is to...
It was in 2008 that the Chinese dream of walking in space came true.
参考范文：
The Chinese people have been dreaming of going into (outer)space for a long time.From 1999 to 2002 China launched three unmanned spacecraft successfully.On Dec.31,2002，the launch of the spacecraft “Shenzhou Ⅳ” was another big success and the spacecraft returned to the earth safely on January 5th,2003.During its flight，seven scientific experiments were carried out.The purpose of the flight is to make preparations for the launch of a manned spacecraft next time.The successful launch and return shows that China is able to send a person into space soon.In 2003，Shenzhou Ⅴ，the first manned spacecraft，was successfully sent into space.It was in 2008 that the Chinese dream of walking in space came true.Besides，Tiangong Ⅰ is expected to be sent into space in 2011，which will be the first Chinese space station.
How proud we Chinese are!